Smart Materials and Actuators
Wouldn't it be nice if you could regulate the sound control in a room the same way you can dim a light to make it move cosier or brighter? You already know where we are going with this... Some advanced materials can do that! They are, however, still used primarily by aerospace agencies and the military, but it's a matter of time before they see commercial use. There are types of materials that can modify their acoustic or soundproofing properties based on some kind of stimulus. For example:
- Piezoelectric composites that change stiffness when an electrical charge is applied. A stiffer surface reflects more sound, used for reducing resonance or scattering away sound waves. A softer, more flexible surface absorbs more sound.
- Shape memory alloys (like nickel-titanium) shift geometry or surface density based on heat or voltage, effectively tuning acoustic performance on demand. They can revert to their original setting when the current is stopped or the heat drops. Changing their geometry can help diffuse sound energy more efficiently. A panel like that can have its weight distribution changed to target certain frequencies.
Building Management System (BMS) Integration
Remember the "do-it-once-and-forget" thing. Well, it gets better. Incorporating the noise control system directly into the building management system allows for occupants of the space to completely ignore it, the same way they pay no attention to lighting and HVAC control. Ok, not ignore, but integrating the soundproofing or acoustic system holistically allows for automated zoning, silent periods, or noise alerts.
Building managers can adapt the noise levels as needed. You want to have a party in your apartment? Just give notice, and the system can be programmed to focus more on your flat on the 1st of July. We already know when the party is going to be. Oh, you want to put a noisier machine in your factory - the system can be adjusted to suppress its hum or vibration. Easy.
This technology can create a digital twin of the environment, focused on the sound characteristics. Digital twins allow many things and are a very broad subject. For soundproofing and acoustics, they allow shifting from reactive maintenance (when you look for a solution once a problem arises) to predictive maintenance (where you anticipate problems and avoid them before they arrive). This way you can get ahead of the routine wear and tear of the components used in a system.